More than eighty years ago, under the driving force of the "May the 4th Movement" the pioneers of Chinese modern Astronomy proposed the establishment of Chinese Astronomical Society on the purpose of “promoting the advancement in astronomical research and popularizing the astronomical knowledge”. They realized that “No one can exist without science competition and no progress can be made in learning without group discussion”. On October the 30th 1922, Chinese Astronomical Society was founded in Beijing and set up its secretariat in the Beijing Ancient Observatory. In 1932 the secretariat was moved to Astronomical Institute, Academia Sinica in Nanjing (predecessor of the Purple Mountain Observatory). And after 1949, the secretariat was located in the Purple Mountain Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Chinese Astronomical Society became an adhering member organization of the International Astronomical Union(IAU) in 1935, By now 401 Chinese Astronomers are individual members of the IAU.

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